The North American alarm industry continues to grow The North American fire alarm equipment market is a well-established market, with the participation of over 30 main manufacturers. The number of competitors has reduced slightly since 2005 due to a series of mergers and acquisitions, which resulted in higher consolidation of the market in a few large conglomerates. In 2007, revenues for fire alarm equipment were estimated at $1,025.3 million, with a growth rate of 4.6 percent over 2006. The North American fire alarm equipment market is expected to grow moderately from 2007 to 2014. The North American fire alarm equipment market is likely to witness favourable demand, mainly due to the increasing activity in renovation and retrofit of existing buildings, as the non-residential building construction levels are not showing signs of recovery. New non-residential construction activity had been experiencing a serious diminution since 2001. However, renovation and retrofit of existing buildings have compensated for this decline in activity and also maintained market growth. The fire alarm industry is mainly driven by the fire and building codes, which have been maintained in a conservative manner, as they deal with issues of life safety. Some of the main pieces of legislation driving the market are National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 72, which is the national fire alarm code covering the application, performance, and maintenance of fire alarm equipment, the American with Disabilities Act (ADA) that requires specific notification devices for the hearing impaired, and Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) guidelines. Moreover, there are approvals and listings given by nationally recognised testing laboratories such as the Underwriter’s Laboratory (UL) and Factory Mutual (FM), for the various components of the fire alarm system as well as for the complete system. These conservative codes, legislation, and standards explain the historical stability of the North American fire alarm equipment market, which is characterised by slow growth and the cautious nature of the market in adopting advanced technologies. Manufacturers have to deal simultaneously with old conservative codes and an increasing end-user demand for innovative solutions. Currently, most technical advances are mainly advocated to respond to the push from end users to integrate fire alarm systems with other building safety and building management systems. Building control has traditionally been divided into separate as well as disparate systems. With an increase in the trend toward automated buildings, these independent, proprietary technology-driven, and legacy systems have to be interconnected to constitute an intelligent building. Intelligent buildings converge data, voice, and video with security, HVAC, lighting, and other electronic controls on a single IP network platform, which facilitates user management, space utilisation, energy conservation, comfort, and systems improvement. The market for fire alarm equipment is very price-sensitive, as installing this equipment is a requirement and not an option. As building codes mandate that, all non-residential buildings must have an effective method for the detection and suppression of fire in the incipient stage, some end users with low budget tend to install the minimum to comply with the codes. Consequently, there is fierce competition among participants to attract customers and price is a major competing factor. Other key competitive factors in the market are code compliance, brand recognition, and a proficient distribution network. Generally, participants in the fire alarm panels industry utilise traditional distribution channels through engineered systems distributors, fire and security distributors, and original equipment manufacturers. Some of the larger companies offer support through their branches and representatives, but most of them follow the usual methods of distribution. Definitions Fire detection and alarm systems are universal in their applications and are installed in all building types, irrespective of whether it is a shopping centre, an office building, or a manufacturing facility. In terms of the end use, all buildings can be classified into residential and non-residential buildings and this is consistent with the industry classification of buildings. End-user definition Key end users for the fire alarm equipment market encompass the entire spectrum of the non-residential sector and are best described in terms of building categories. In this research service, end users have been divided into the following groups: Office buildings Commercial buildings Manufacturing buildings Educational buildings Healthcare buildings Other buildings The other buildings category includes the buildings for non-residential use, which do not come under any of the above categories such as cinemas, theatres or hotels. Product definition The North American fire alarm equipment market has been segmented based on the type of equipment and this is consistent with the industry’s segmentation of the market. This study considers all types of fire alarm equipment, except the automatic initiating devices such as fire and smoke detection devices. Fire alarm equipment can be broadly classified into two product groups as shown below: Fire alarm panels: Panels are the heart of any fire alarm system and include the controls, which process the signals received from input devices and give out signals to the output devices. Fire alarm devices: This product group takes into account • devices that are connected to the main fire alarm panel, and that either send to (initiating devices) or receive (output devices) signals from the same. Fire alarm panels are further sub-segmented into the following types: Conventional fire alarm panels Addressable fire alarm panels Voice evacuation systems Fire alarm devices are further sub-segmented into the following types: Annunciators Notification appliances Manual pull stations The geographic region covered in this study is North America, which includes the United States and Canada. Moreover, this study examines the current structure of the industry and analyses its competitive factors from 2004 to 2014, with 2007 as the base year. Market Trends The following are some of the major market and technology trends: Addressable fire alarm systems offer more value for money and are being preferred over conventional systems. The declining prices of these systems and the savings in terms of lower amount of wiring, easier maintenance, and better false alarm immunity,